{"id":19,"date":"2019-05-10T16:01:48","date_gmt":"2019-05-10T13:01:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/siteblog.tuc.gr\/atheocharous\/?page_id=19"},"modified":"2019-05-10T16:19:32","modified_gmt":"2019-05-10T13:19:32","slug":"mma","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/siteblog.tuc.gr\/atheocharous\/mma\/","title":{"rendered":"MMA"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mixed martial arts<\/h1>\n
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia<\/div>\n
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For the fighting styles that combine arts, see\u00a0hybrid martial arts<\/a>.<\/div>\n
“NHB” redirects here. For other uses, see\u00a0NHB (disambiguation)<\/a>.<\/div>\n
“MMA” redirects here. For other uses, see\u00a0MMA (disambiguation)<\/a>.<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Mixed martial arts (MMA)<\/caption>\n
\"UFC<\/a><\/p>\n
Highest\u00a0governing\u00a0body<\/a><\/th>\nInternational Mixed Martial Arts Federation<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Characteristics<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Contact<\/th>\nFull contact<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mixed gender<\/a><\/th>\nYes, separate male and female events<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Type<\/th>\nIndoor or outdoor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Venue<\/th>\nCage, ring, sandpit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Presence<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Country or\u00a0region<\/th>\nWorldwide<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Olympic<\/a><\/th>\nnot recognized<\/a>\u00a0by the\u00a0International Olympic Committee<\/a>\u00a0(IOC)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Mixed martial arts<\/b>\u00a0(MMA<\/b>) is a full-contact\u00a0combat sport<\/a>\u00a0that allows\u00a0striking<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0grappling<\/a>, both standing and on the ground, using techniques from various combat sports and\u00a0martial arts<\/a>. The first documented use of the term\u00a0mixed martial arts<\/i>\u00a0was in a review of\u00a0UFC 1<\/a>\u00a0by television critic\u00a0Howard Rosenberg<\/a>\u00a0in 1993.[1]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0The term gained popularity when newfullcontact.com, then one of the largest websites covering the sport, hosted and republished the article.[2]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0The question of who actually coined the term is subject to debate.[3]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

During the early 20th century, various mixed-style contests took place throughout\u00a0Japan<\/a>,\u00a0Taiwan<\/a>, and in the countries of the\u00a0Four Asian Tigers<\/a>. In\u00a0Brazil<\/a>, there was the sport of\u00a0Vale Tudo<\/a>, in which fighters from various styles fought with little to no rules. The\u00a0Gracie family<\/a>\u00a0was known to promote\u00a0Vale Tudo<\/i>\u00a0matches as a way to promote their own\u00a0Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu<\/a>\u00a0style.[4]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0An early high-profile mixed martial arts bout was\u00a0Masahiko Kimura vs. H\u00e9lio Gracie<\/a>\u00a0in 1951, fought between\u00a0judoka<\/a>Masahiko Kimura<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Brazilian jiu jitsu<\/a>\u00a0founder\u00a0H\u00e9lio Gracie<\/a>\u00a0in Brazil. In the West, the concept of combining elements of multiple martial arts was popularized by\u00a0Bruce Lee<\/a>‘s\u00a0Jeet Kune Do<\/a>\u00a0during the late 1960s to early 1970s. A precursor to modern MMA was the 1976\u00a0Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki<\/a>\u00a0bout, fought between boxer\u00a0Muhammad Ali<\/a>\u00a0and wrestler\u00a0Antonio Inoki<\/a>\u00a0in Japan, where it later inspired the foundation of\u00a0Pancrase<\/a>\u00a0in 1993 and\u00a0Pride Fighting Championships<\/a>\u00a0in 1997.<\/p>\n

In 1980,\u00a0CV Productions, Inc.<\/a>\u00a0created the first regulated MMA league in the United States, called\u00a0Tough Guy Contest<\/i>, which was later renamed\u00a0Battle of the Superfighters<\/i>. The company sanctioned ten tournaments in\u00a0Pennsylvania<\/a>. However, in 1983 the\u00a0Pennsylvania State Senate<\/a>\u00a0passed a bill prohibiting the sport.[5]<\/a><\/sup>[6]<\/a><\/sup>In 1993, the\u00a0Gracie family<\/a>\u00a0brought\u00a0Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu<\/a>, developed in Brazil from the 1920s, to the United States by founding the\u00a0Ultimate Fighting Championship<\/a>(UFC) MMA promotion company. The company held an event with almost no rules, mostly due the influence of\u00a0Art Davie<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Rorion Gracie<\/a>\u00a0attempting to replicate\u00a0Vale Tudo<\/a>\u00a0fights that existed in Brazil,[4]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0and would later implement a different set of rules (example: eliminating kicking a grounded opponent), which differed from other leagues which were more in favour of realistic fights.[7]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

Originally promoted as a competition to find the most effective\u00a0martial arts<\/a>\u00a0for real unarmed combat, competitors from different fighting styles were pitted against one another in contests with relatively few rules.[8]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0Later, individual fighters incorporated multiple martial arts into their style. MMA promoters were pressured to adopt\u00a0additional rules<\/a>\u00a0to increase competitors’ safety, to comply with sport regulations and to broaden mainstream acceptance of the sport.[9]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0Following these changes, the sport has seen increased popularity with a\u00a0pay-per-view<\/a>\u00a0business that rivals\u00a0boxing<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0professional wrestling<\/a>.[10]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

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